Category: 2682-49-7

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Investigations on 1,3-Thiazines, 43. – Newman-Kwart Rearrangement in the Course of Thiocarbazoylation of Tetrahydro-2H-1,3-thiazin-2-one and Thiazolidin-2-one

Thiocarbazoylation of tetrahydro-2H-1,3-thiazin-2-one (1) with thiocarbazic acid chlorides leads to N-thiocarbazoyl derivatives 5 and N-carbazoyl-tetrahydro-2H-1,3-thiazin-2-thiones 8, which are interpreted as products of an O-thiocarbazoylation to 6, subsequent Newman-Kwart rearrangement to 7 and final S->N transcarbazoylation.Thiocarbazoylation of thiazolidin-2-one (9) yields an isolable Newman-Kwart rearrangement product 12 and its product 13 of S->N transcarbazoylation.

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Quinuclidine – Wikipedia,
Quinuclidine | C7H306N | ChemSpider

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Biosynthesis of galactan in mycobacterium tuberculosis as a viable TB drug target?

While target-based drug design has proved successful in several therapeutic areas, this approach has not yet provided compelling outcomes in the field of antibacterial agents. This statement remains especially true for the development of novel therapeutic interventions against tuberculosis, an infectious disease that is among the top ten leading causes of death globally. Mycobacterial galactan is an important component of the protective cell wall core of the tuberculosis pathogen and it could provide a promising target for the design of new drugs. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on galactan biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including landmark findings that led to the discovery and understanding of three key enzymes in this pathway: UDP-galactose mutase, and galactofuranosyl transferases GlfT1 and GlfT2. Moreover, we recapitulate the efforts aimed at their inhibition. The predicted common transition states of the three enzymes provide the lucrative possibility of multitargeting in pharmaceutical development, a favourable property in the mitigation of drug resistance. We believe that a tight interplay between target-based computational approaches and experimental methods will result in the development of original inhibitors that could serve as the basis of a new generation of drugs against tuberculosis.

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Quinuclidine – Wikipedia,
Quinuclidine | C7H348N | ChemSpider

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Synthesis, characterization and acute anti-inflammatory evaluation of new mefenamic acid derivatives having 4-thiazolidinone nucleus

Mefenamic acid (MA) is one of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it is widely used probably due to having both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, the main side effects of mefenamic acid include gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disturbance mainly diarrhea, peptic ulceration, and gastric bleeding. The analgesic effects of NSAIDs are probably linked to COX-2 inhibition, while COX-1 inhibition is the major cause of this classic adverse effects. Introduction of thiazolidinone may lead to the increase in the bulkiness leads to the preferential inhibition of COX-2 rather than COX-1 enzyme. The study aimed to synthesize derivatives of mefenamic acid with more potency and to decrease the drug’s potential side effects, new series of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives of mefenamic acid were synthesized IVa-g. The synthetic procedures for target compounds and their intermediates are designed to be as follows: Acylation of secondary amine of mefenamic acid by chloroacetylchloride to produce compound (I), then reaction between compound (I) and hydrazine hydrate to form hydrazine derivative of mefenamic acid (compound II). After that, Schiff base formation by addition of seven benzaldehyde derivatives and finally, cyclization in presence of thioglycolic acid to form 4-thiazolidinone heterocyclic ring. The characterization of the titled compounds has been established on the basis of their spectral FTIR, 1HNMR data, and by measurements of their physical properties. In vivo acute anti-inflammatory effect of the synthesized compounds was evaluated in rats using egg-white induced edema model of inflammation. The tested compounds and the reference drug produced significant reduction of paw edema with respect to the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide 10%v/v (control group). Compound IVe showed more potent effect than mefenamic acid at 240-300 min, while at time 300 min, compounds IVa and IVd exhibit more potent anti-inflammatory effect than mefenamic acid (50mg/kg, i.p.) as they reduced paw edema significantly more than mefenamic acid at mentioned intervals (p<0.05) . On the other hand compound IVc exhibited lower anti-inflammatory effect. One of the oldest and most widely used commercial enzyme inhibitors is aspirin, Recommanded Product: 2682-49-7, which selectively inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of molecules that trigger inflammation. you can also check out more blogs about 2682-49-7

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Quinuclidine – Wikipedia,
Quinuclidine | C7H221N | ChemSpider

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Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-(naphthoyl) iminothiazolidin-4-ones as Potential Anticancer Agents

A library of novel naphthyl bearing 2-iminothiazolidin-4-ones (2-ITZDs) (2 a?2 q) was designed and synthesized through a facile route involving regioselective heterocyclization of unsymmetrical thioureas (1 a?1 q). The synthesis was achieved at ambient temperature in good to excellent yields under catalyst free conditions. The molecular structures of 2-ITZDs were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. X-ray structural data was used to establish the structure (2 o) unequivocally and to define the geometry of exo double bond. The in vitro anticancer activity of 2-ITZDs (2 a?2 q) was investigated in several human cancer cell lines (A549, LNCap, PC-3, MDA-MB-231, BxPC3, MIA PaCa2). All compounds showed cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 6?23 muM in the tested cancer cell lines except MDA-MB-231. Compound 2 k (IC50=7 muM) and the homologous analog 2 q (IC50=6 muM) were found to be equipotent to 2 k and showed moderate cytotoxicity against human breast cell line (DA-MB-231). Furthermore, compound 2 k exhibited a medium permeability, enough metabolic stability and no significant inhibition of hERG channel. Compound 2 k inhibited cytochrome P450 activity below 50 % in 1 A2, 3 A4 and 2 C19, but not in 2 C9 and 2D6 at 10 muM. Structure-activity relationships (SAR) provided useful insights towards this class of compounds and tiled a way to design novel analogues with increased potency.

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Quinuclidine – Wikipedia,
Quinuclidine | C7H234N | ChemSpider

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Crystal structures of two 1,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives featuring sulfide and sulfone functional groups

The crystal structures of two closely related compounds, 1-cyclohexyl-2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one, C15H18N2O3S, (1) and 1-cyclohexyl-2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one 1,1-dioxide, C15H18N2O5S, (2), are presented. These compounds are comprised of three types of rings: thiazolidinone, nitrophenyl and cyclohexyl. In both structures, the rings are close to mutually perpendicular, with interplanar dihedral angles greater than 80 in each case. The thiazolidinone rings in both structures exhibit envelope puckering with the S atom as flap and the cyclohexyl rings are in their expected chair conformations. The two structures superpose fairly well, except for the orientation of the nitro groups with respect to their host phenyl ring, with a difference of about 10 between 1 and 2. The extended structure of 1 has two kinds of weak C – H?O interactions, giving rise to a closed ring formation involving three symmetry-related molecules. Structure 2 has four C – H?O interactions, two of which are exclusively between symmetry-related thiazolidinone dioxide moieties and have a parallel ‘give-and-take-fashion’ counterpart. In the other two interactions, the nitrophenyl ring and the cyclohexane ring each offer an H atom to the two O atoms on the sulfone group. Additionally, a C – H?pi interaction between a C – H group of the cyclohexane ring and the nitrophenyl ring of an adjacent molecule helps to consolidate the structure.

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Quinuclidine – Wikipedia,
Quinuclidine | C7H489N | ChemSpider

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Synthesis and evaluation of anticonvulsant activities of 5-benzylidene-2-(5-methylisoxazol-3-ylimino)thiazolidin-4-one derivatives

Fifteen new 5-benzylidene-2-(5-methylisoxazol-3-ylimino)thiazolidin-4-one derivatives (4-18) were synthesized and evaluated for their preliminary anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity by using the maximal electroshock (MES) and rotarod tests. The structures of synthesized compounds were established by IR,1H NMR,13C NMR and mass spectral data. Among the compounds studied, 5-(3-fluorobenzylidene)-2-(5-methylisoxazol-3-ylimino)thiazolidin-4-one (8) was the most potent compound, with a median effective dose of 43.9 mg/kg and a high protective index (PI) of more than 11.1 after intraperitoneal administration in mice. Compound 8 showed significant oral activity against MES-induced seizures in mice, with an ED50 of 84.2 mg/kg and a PI above 11.8. These results demonstrate that compound 8 is safer than the commercially drugs.

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Quinuclidine – Wikipedia,
Quinuclidine | C7H478N | ChemSpider

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Organocatalytic Cyclization of COS and Propargylic Derivatives to Value-Added Heterocyclic Compounds

The organocatalytic cyclization of propargylic amines/amides with carbonyl sulfide (COS) was firstly achieved by employing COS adducts of Lewis base (LB) as organocatalysts, affording various functionalized 1,3-thiazolidine-2-ones, and 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-diones derivatives in a highly chemo- and stereoselective manner. The isotope labeling and stoichiometric experiments suggested the LB-COS adducts preferentially mediated basic ionic pair mechanism. Furthermore, the practical application of this methodology was highlighted by the highly efficient synthesis of rosiglitazone using COS as sulfur source.

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Quinuclidine | C7H495N | ChemSpider

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An Efficient One-Shot Metal-Free Electrophilic Fluorination of 2-Iminothiazolidine-4-one

A highly efficient one-pot method for the synthesis of mono fluorinated thiazolidinone derivatives have been achieved through four component reaction of primary amines, aryl isothiocyanates, ethyl bromoacetate and Selectfluor as electrophilic fluorinating agent. This protocol is practically convenient and offers the advantage of conducting easily handled sequenceof reaction in single reactor with suitable solvent medium. Reaction of primary amines with aryl isothiocyanate access forthiourea formation followed by addition of ethyl bromoacetate afforded the thiazolidinone, further on addition ofSelectfluor provides desired mono fluorinated products in short time with keen reaction procedure.

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Quinuclidine | C7H228N | ChemSpider

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Efficacy of chemopreventive agents in mouse mammary gland organ culture (MMOC) model: a comprehensive review.

Currently, breast cancer is considered as one of the leading causes for death in women in the United States. Consumption of natural products has received considerable attention in recent years as a possible approach for cancer prevention in general population. There are numerous cancer preventive agents present in the natural products, which may contribute to their chemopreventive properties. During the past two decades, numerous chemopreventive agents have been isolated and/or synthesized and evaluated for their efficacy in a variety of biological assays. To this end, we have established and utilized mouse mammary gland organ culture model (MMOC) as a bioassay for identifying chemopreventive agents. Mammary glands respond to growth promoting hormones and the physiological differentiation can be reproduced in MMOC in chemically defined medium by altering hormonal milieu. Both estrogen and progesterone dependent (mammary ductal lesions, MDL) and independent (mammary alveolar lesions, MAL) precancerous lesions can be induced in response to a 24 hour exposure to DMBA in MMOC. Suppression of the incidence and multiplicity of these lesions by a possible chemopreventive agent can serve as a tool to evaluate efficacy of potential experimental agents. Using this approach, we have evaluated more than 200 synthetic and natural product-derived chemopreventive agents in this model as a part of the National Cancer Institute-supported projects. Many of these chemopreventive agents expressing significant activity have progressed to the in vivo experimental mammary carcinogenesis studies. Thus, this bioassay has proven to be a valuable tool for screening cancer chemopreventive agents for breast cancer prevention and for understanding molecular mechanism(s) of action of these agents. In this comprehensive review, we provide a complete list of chemopreventive agents evaluated for the efficacy against development of mammary alveolar lesions (MAL) in MMOC along with the recent developments in this area. The structure-activity relationships for many chemopreventive agents evaluated in the MMOC model have been discussed.

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Quinuclidine – Wikipedia,
Quinuclidine | C7H374N | ChemSpider

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Novel quinolines carrying pyridine, thienopyridine, isoquinoline, thiazolidine, thiazole and thiophene moieties as potential anticancer agents

As a part of ongoing studies in developing new anticancer agents, novel 1,2-dihydropyridine 4, thienopyridine 5, isoquinolines 6-20, acrylamide 21, thiazolidine 22, thiazoles 23-29 and thiophenes 33-35 bearing a biologically active quinoline nucleus were synthesized. The structure of newly synthesized compounds was confirmed on the basis of elemental analyses and spectral data. All the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against the breast cancer cell line MCF7. 2,3-Dihydrothiazole-5-carboxamides 27, 25, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxamide (34), 1,2-dihydroisoquinoline-7-carbonitrile (7), 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[b]thiophene-3-carboxamide (35), 1,2-dihydroisoquinoline-7-carbonitrile (6), 2-cyano-3-(dimethylamino)-N-(quinolin-3-yl)acrylamide (21), 1,2-dihydroisoquinoline-7-carbonitriles (11) and (8) exhibited higher activity (IC50 values of 27-45 mumol L-1) compared to doxorubicin (IC50 47.9 mumol L-1). LQ quinolin-3-yl)-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline-7-carbonitrile (12), 2-thioxo-2,3-dihydrothiazole-5-carboxamide (28) and quinolin-3-yl)-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline-7-carbonitrile (15) show activity comparable to doxorubicin, while (quinolin-3-yl)-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline-7-carbonitrile (9), 2,3-dihydrothiazole-5-carboxamide (24), thieno [3,4-c] pyridine-4(5H)-one (5), cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carboxamide (33) and (quinolin-3-yl)-6-stryl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline-7-carbonitrile (10) exhibited moderate activity, lower than doxorubicin.

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Quinuclidine – Wikipedia,
Quinuclidine | C7H294N | ChemSpider