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Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) plays a key role in tryptophan catabolism which is an important mechanism in immune tolerance. The small molecule epacadostat is the most advanced IDO1 inhibitor, but its phase III trials as a single agent or in combinations with PD-1 antibody failed to show appreciable objective responses. To gain more insight on the antitumor efficacy of IDO1 inhibitors, we have designed a series of analogues of epacadostat by incorporating a cyclic aminosulfonamide moiety as the sidechain capping functionality. Compound 5a was found to display significant potency against recombinant hIDO1 and hIDO1 expressed HEK293 cancer cells. This compound has improved physico-chemical properties, acceptable PK parameters as well as optimal cardiac safety. Similar to epacadostat, 5a is ineffective as single agent in the CT-26 syngeneic xenograft model, however, the combination of 5a with PD-1 antibody showed both elevated tumor growth inhibition and prolonged median life span.
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Reference：
Quinuclidine – Wikipedia,
Quinuclidine | C7H564N | ChemSpider